Off-Grid Solar System Calculator

Size panels for average daily AC energy, batteries for autonomy, and an inverter for running and startup power.

The formula, every assumption, and the primary sources behind this tool are published on this page.

Manual power inputs

Enter total startup demand, including other running loads. For loads with no startup surge, enter the running watts again.

Optional battery unit layout

Reset

Results

Example — computed from the default inputs above. Change any field and press Compute.

Daily AC load (kWh/day): 5 kWh/day

Solar array: 4 panels / 1.6 kW

Open panel sizing with these inputs

Required battery nameplate energy: 15.278 kWh

Open battery sizing with these inputs

Inverter continuous tier: 2,000 W

Required continuous rating: 1,150 W

Required startup power: 2,500 W

Open inverter sizing with these inputs

Size the inverter DC cable

Average daily generation covers daily AC use. Storage covers the selected sunless days; extra recovery charging is not sized.

How it works

Average daily generation covers daily AC use. Storage covers the selected sunless days; extra recovery charging is not sized.

panels = ceil(daily_AC_kWh × 1000 / (panel_W × sun_hours × PV_derate))battery_kWh = daily_AC_kWh × autonomy_days / (DoD × inverter_efficiency) × (1 + buffer)continuous_need = max(noncontinuous_W + 1.25 × continuous_W, 1.15 × running_W)inverter = smallest tier ≥ continuous_need and tier × 1.5 ≥ startup_W

PV_derate
PV-to-delivered-AC factor (0.4–1)
inverter_efficiency
Battery inverter efficiency (0.7–1)
startup_W
Enter total startup demand, including other running loads. For loads with no startup surge, enter the running watts again.

Assumptions

FAQ

Will this recharge the battery after several cloudy days?

The panel array covers average daily use only. Additional recovery energy and a recharge deadline need a separate energy budget.

Why can startup power increase the inverter size?

The same tier rules as the inverter tool check both continuous watts and startup watts. A 1,000 W running load with 2,500 W startup needs a 2,000 W tier.

Do detail links reproduce these results?

Yes. Links carry the same inputs to the panel, battery and inverter tools, including manual power or appliance selections. Each tool applies its own supported ranges.

Sources

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